Ivan Penov – Agricultural University, Plovdiv.

ing. Bożena Karwat-Woźniak, ing. Sylwia Łaba, Agnieszka Wrzochalska, ing. Zbigniew Floriańczyk – Institute of Agricultural and Food Economics – National Research Institute (IAFE-NRI)

ing. Bożena Karwat-Woźniak, inż. Sylwia Łaba, Agnieszka Wrzochalska, inż. Zbigniew Floriańczyk – Institute of Agricultural and Food Economics – National Research Institute (IAFE-NRI)

Mihaela Mihailova, Plamena Yovchevska – Institute of agricultural economics, Sofia(IAFE-NRI)

Bulgarian agriculture has undergone several transformations that have had a significant effect on land use and agriculture holdings. The aim of this study is to find the diffrence and understand what are the problems and factors for this changes. The two years that are represented using a hierarchical and than k-means clusters show how land use changes before Bulgaria’s accession to EU and after the aquis communitare synchronization.

Damyan Kirechev – University of Economics, Varna

The aim of the study is to assess the sources of investment finance (including land and fixed assets) that farms use most frequently. FADN data for the first two programming periods after Bulgaria’s accession to the EU were used for the assessment. The analysis is based on variations in the value of farm assets and changes in capital sources for financing investments. The assessment is for farms in Bulgaria by type and by economic size. It is shown that, in most cases, farms use their own capital to finance their investments, with external financing mainly coming from subsidies and to a lesser extent from bank loans. The lower external financing may be due to financial management difficulties and insufficient use of financial leverage. This adds to the need for policy interventions to facilitate the relationship between farmers and lenders.

Pavlina Ivanova, University of Economics – Varna

Land has always been a major asset, performing multiple social, economic, environmental and cultural functions. It provides living space, contributes to food security, poverty reduction and eradication, and can also be a factor for social cohesion and cultural identity. Access to land is considered an important determinant of income and food security for households in rural areas where there are few alternative livelihood options. In this context, the aim of the article is to present some reflections on the social aspects of agricultural land ownership, access to it and its use as a resource. The social impacts, the trends of which are indicated to the greatest extent, are in the direction of providing employment, income from land cultivation, renting or leasing, from the sale of agricultural land, providing sustenance and social environment.

Evgeni Stanimirov, Mariya Stanimirova – University of Economics, Varna

Мinko Georgiev, Teodora Stoeva, Violeta Dirimanova- Agricultural University – Plovdiv

In this article, Discrete Structural Analyses (DSA) of the contracts gravitating around the agricultural lands in Bulgaria are made. In practice, this means looking at both market and non-market frameworks of exchange or protection of agricultural land ownership rights. To do this, a methodology from economics, law, and organization is used. Temporal historical methods are combined to review legal norms and economic institutions, their interactions, and what impact they define in different contractual frameworks.
Contracts presented as Governance Structure (GS) – a set of fragments related to institutional actors, their behavior as a set of transactions; institutional effects – Transaction Costs (TrCs).
What happens in the contracts related to agricultural lands should serve to improve the conditions in which the actor functions, which is always related to establishing the „mistakes“ of the system, illuminating a trajectory that would improve their adaptation.

Teodora Stoeva, Violeta Dirimanova, Minko Georgiev, Agricultural University – Plovdiv

The land reform is a key element of the agrarian transformation that has occurred during the long-term transition in Bulgaria and its aim is to create favorable conditions for the establishment of market economy by means of decentralization of the process and restitution of property rights to all owners and their heirs. Ever since the crucial 1989 the agricultural sector has gone through some serious changes the most important of them being the conduct of a land reform and the restitution of land in its real borders, destruction of the old production structures, privatization, as well as the lack of purposeful government policy or support for Bulgarian agriculture.
The concept of agricultural consultancy is to support the development of human resources, as well as to provide a good source of information necessary to solve the current issues that farmers in rural areas are facing today.
The role of consultancy, consisting in creation of an environment that favours the development of agriculture and rural areas, including incentives to support agricultural production, political stability and the system for land resource use, shall guarantee the producer benefits that derive from the improvements made to their agricultural practice.

Mariya Stanimirova, Desislva Ivanova – University of Economics, Varna

Paula Stoicea, Certan Ion, Soare Elena, Firatoiu Andreea, Ignat Ramona Iuliana, Radu Madalin – University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest (Faculty of Management and Rural Development, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest)

The main economic objective of farms is to maximize turnover, being one of the main ways to increase profitability. The paper presents the implications of the agricultural products produced and utilized by a large crop farm on the turnover in the period 2019-2021, establishing at the same time which of these crops are indicated to be included in the annual crop plan. The research method used is the Pareto method, which is an analysis focused on the study of a past period, which allows highlighting, according to a determined criterion, the most representative individuals from a population. The results showed that in each year of the period included in the study, the crops that contributed significantly to the turnover were: in 2019, winter wheat, followed by maize and rapeseed, in 2020, maize and rapeseed, and in 2021 maize and soybean.

Soare Elena, Bold Nicolae, Stoicea Paula, David Livia, Dobre Carina Andreea – University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest

The main economic objective of farms is to maximize turnover, being one of the main ways to increase profitability. The paper presents the implications of the agricultural products produced and utilized by a large crop farm on the turnover in the period 2019-2021, establishing at the same time which of these crops are indicated to be included in the annual crop plan. The research method used is the Pareto method, which is an analysis focused on the study of a past period, that allows highlighting, according to a determined criterion, the most representative individuals from a population. The results showed that in each year of the period included in the study, the crops that contributed significantly to the turnover were: in 2019, winter winter wheat, followed by maize and rapeseed, in 2020, maize and rapeseed, and in 2021 maize and soybean.

Irina-Adriana Chiurciu1, Ion Certan, Daniel Nijloveanu2, Aurelia Ioana Chereji- University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest and University of Oradea (Faculty of Management and Rural Development, Faculty of Management and Rural Development, Faculty of Environmental Protection)

Romania is a major sheep and goat breeding country in Eastern Europe and has trading partners for live animal and sheep and goat meat trade both inside and outside the EU (e.g. in the Balkans, Middle East and Asia). The paper presents the quantity and value of the world’s largest live sheep and goats and their meat importers and exporters for the period 2018-2022. At the same time, Romania’s main partners and its positions on the sheep and goat meat market are highlighted. The methodology used included a statistical analysis of trade quantities and values based on the International Trade Center data series. The results of the study show that Romania developed well in terms of value exports of live sheep and goats, becoming number one in the world during the study period. Romania also ranked 27th in the category of fresh, chilled or frozen sheep or goat meat exports by value.

Daniel Nijloveanu, Victor Tița, Nicolae Bold, Irina-Adriana Chiurciu, Cosmina Smedescu- University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary, Bucharest of Bucharest and Faculty of Management and Rural Development

The food waste is one of the consumer economic behaviours that have a development with a great difficulty in explanation. As an economic phenomenon, it has several effects with a huge impact related to resources and optimization within the economic systems. In this paper, we propose to develop a research study which aims to identify a series of causes to food waste and to determine the quantitative impact of these causes on the phenomenon. The study is made based on the statistical data observed in a certain period and the previous research studies presented in the literature. The final part of the research is based on the determination of the influence of the identified causes on this specific consumer behaviour using specific statistical methods, such as correlation.

ing Sylwia Łaba, Institute of Agricultural and Food Economics – National Research Institute (IAFE-NRI)

Sasha Grozdanova – Institute for Economic Research at Bulgarian Academy of Sciences

Problematic aspects in the context of ensuring the country’s food and nutrition security were examined. Attention is focused on consumption. Features are displayed by product groups and products. Specifics, peculiarities and problems are highlighted. The priority importance for the country’s food and nutritional security of the consumption of products with high biological value is justified. The significance and role of their import in meeting basic food needs is assessed as unacceptable.

Darina Ruscheva – Institute for Economic Research at Bulgarian Academy of Sciences

The relationship „food security-food resources“ is expressed in the fact that the food security of any country, including Bulgaria, largely depends on what food resources a given country has at its disposal, and hence what the possibilities are for satisfying the national food needs. The production of tribal raw materials and products is the main core of domestic food resources. And in this role, it is directly related to national food security. The report focuses on the production of basic food products, which are important for agriculture and the food industry, as well as for their consumption by the country’s population. Conditions and factors for its development, trends in its quantitative and structural dimensions, problems and opportunities to provide the country with food are consistently highlighted.